What is switchyard and its types?

Switchyard. The switchyard is the mediator among the transmission as well as generation, and equal voltage can be maintained in the switchyard. The main purpose of this is to supply the generated energy from the power plant at the particular level of voltage to the nearby transmission line or power grid. Switchyard.

What is Bay switchyard?

A bay is a power line within an electrical substation which connects a circuit (such as a power line or transformer) to a busbar . Each bay typically includes circuit breakers, disconnectors, instrument transformers and surge arresters.

What is the purpose of a switchyard?

Switchyard is a switching station which is the main link between the generating plant and the transmission system. It can be considered as the heart of the power plant, the generated power will only be worthy if it can be transmitted and received by the consumers.

What is the difference between a substation and a switchyard?

A switching substation, also known as switchyard, is a substation without transformers that functions solitary at a single voltage level. Switchyards are used largely for connections and interconnections and are important for transmission, distribution, and collection.

What is the difference between a switchgear and a switchyard?

But switchyard is entirely different from it, maybe switchgear can be a piece of equipment in a switchyard, the transmission of the power which is generated in a power plant is done by the help of a switchyard it acts as a junction where the power transmission takes place.

What are the three types of substations?

Types of Substations by Operating Voltage Levels

• High Voltage Substations (HV Substations) – Involving voltages between 11 KV and 66 KV.
• Extra High Voltage Substations (EHV)– Involving voltages between 132 kV and 400 kV.
• Ultra High Voltage(UHV) – Operating voltage above 400 KV.

What is bay and Dia in substation?

It is called one & half breaker system.  The bay between bus-1 & line-1 is called main bay for feeder-1.  The bay between line-1 & line-2 is called tie bay for feeder-1 & 2.  The bay between bus-2 & line-2 is called main bay for feeder-2.  In this system full dia means 2 feeders controlled by 3 CBs.

What is Bcpu?

Bay Control-Protection Unit (BCPU) and Alarm Circuit.

What is the difference between switchgear and switchyard?

A switchyard is everything within the station fence at a substation. Switchgear is the equipment used to detach or isolate the lines or equipment in the switchboard.

Why are stone laid in a switchyard?

Stones prevent the accumulation of rain water in switch yard. Stones reduces step potential and touch potential when operators work on switch yard. Stones prevents vegetation and growth of small weeds, plants and grass inside the switch yard.

What is 132 kV substation?

132/33 KV EHV substation We considered incoming power at 132 KV and the power was transferred to main bus through isolator-circuit breaker-isolator combination. The power from main bus was fed into a 20MVA transformer which stepped the voltage down to 33KV.

Why gravels are used in switchyard?

Most in switchyard Power Transformers insulated with the insulation oil. The insulating oil spillages catches fire easily. So Stones/Gravel is provided to protect from fire when oil spillage takes place. Moisture on the floor level get minimized.

What is difference between grid station and substation?

Substations are connected to each other by the transmission ring circuit. An electrical grid station is an interconnection point between two transmission ring circuits, often between two geographic regions.

How many MW is a substation?

According to the definition of the maximum safety load, the maximum supply load in one substation partition is 50 MVA. Under normal operating conditions, the peak load that each transformer can take is set as 25.0 MW.

What is kv substation?

This is accomplished by suitable apparatus called Substation. For example, generation voltage (11KV or 6.6KV) at the power station is stepped up to high voltage (say 220KV or 132KV) for transmission of electric power. The assembly of apparatus (e.g. transformer etc.) used for this purpose is the substation.

What is tie feeder?

If either source has plant generation, then the tie feeder maintains the two parts of the system in synchronism and provides a circuit for transferring normal power and kilovars in either direction between the sources.

What is busbar in substation?

In electric power distribution, a busbar (also bus bar) is a metallic strip or bar, typically housed inside switchgear, panel boards, and busway enclosures for local high current power distribution.

What is BCU panel?

The main function of BCU is to monitor the whole system remotely away. The status of primary equipment or auxiliary devices can be obtained from auxiliary contacts.

What is bay control unit in substation?

Bay control units are used in substations and power plants of all voltage levels and designs. They are used to control and monitor switching devices, for data logging/capturing meter values, for interlocks and logic functions for switching sequences and numerous other purposes.

How many feeders are in a substation?

Typical distribution circuit

Why does gravel fill in switchyard?

So Stones/Gravel is provided to protect from fire when oil spillage takes place. Moisture on the floor level get minimized. Compensate the vibration in transformer which has been caused due to magnetostriction in core. Improves yard working condition.

Why are transformers filled with sand?

Also known as compound-filled or potted transformers, encapsulated designs enclose windings within a mixture of solid-insulating materials such as resin, gravel, sand or epoxy to help dissipate heat.

What is a 132/33KV substation?

132/33 KV EHV substation The power from main bus was fed into a 20MVA transformer which stepped the voltage down to 33KV. The power is then fed into a 33KV bus from which different loads were tapped.

What is the difference between switchyard and switchgear?

What is the size of gravel?

Gravels are widely used building materials. Fragments in gravel range in size from pebbles (4–64 mm [0.16–2.52 inches] in diameter), through cobbles (64–256 mm [2.52–10.08 inches]), to boulders (larger than 256 mm).

What is an example of a switchyard layout?

Selected examples of switchyard layouts 2.1. Low rise (classical layout) With the low-rise (classical) layout (Figure 2), the busbar disconnectors are arranged side by side in line with the feeder. The busbars are strung above these in a second level, and in a third plane are the branch lines, with connections to the circuit-breaker.

Why 132kv/33kv EHV substation?

This ensures efficient transmission of power, minimizing the power losses. Our project is to design a 132KV/33KV EHV substation where the incoming power is received at 132 KV from a generating station.

What is the surge impedance loading of 132kV and 33kV lines?

In the process, the surge impedance loading of 132 KV and 33 KV lines were calculated and they were used to estimate the maximum power that can be transferred by one transmission line. The design of the entire substation was made keeping in mind the most basic requirements of a proper substation including the civil and domestic requirements.