What is HSA miR?

The “hsa” tells us it is a human miRNA. The “20″ tells us that was discovered early — it’s only the 20th family that was named. “20b” tells us that it is related to another miRNA that we can guess is probably called hsa-mir-20a.

What is miR-34a?

MiR-34a can control the expression of many target genes through their mRNAs and, thus, can be implicated in a plethora of important biological processes, particularly in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and regulation of migration [7,21,33,34].

What is miR-34a 5p?

miR-34a-5p plays an inhibitory role in hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating target gene VEGFA. KCNQ1OT1 affects cell proliferation, invasion, and migration through a miR-34a / Notch3 axis in breast cancer.

What is miR 15a?

Abstract. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) encoded by the miR-15/16 cluster are known to act as tumor suppressors. Expression of these miRNAs inhibits cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis of cancer cells, and suppresses tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo.

What is RNO miRNA?

Our Rat rno-miRNome MicroRNA Profiling Kit comes with all the reagents necessary to tag and convert small RNAs into quantifiable cDNA using the sensitive QuantiMir™ technology and a large set of rat miRNA qPCR assays, including major and minor miR forms (723 mature miRNAs).

What is the purpose of microRNA?

microRNA is the name of a family of molecules that helps cells control the kinds and amounts of proteins they make. That is, cells use microRNA to help control gene expression. Molecules of microRNA are found in cells and in the bloodstream.

Where are miRNAs found?

Mature miRNAs localize in multiple subcellular locations in the cytoplasm, such as RNA granules, endomembranes, and mitochondria, and secrete outside cells via exosomes. Recent studies have revealed that mature miRNAs can also localize to the nucleus, where they could function in epigenetic regulation.

How do microRNA work?

miRNAs (microRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They generally bind to the 3′-UTR (untranslated region) of their target mRNAs and repress protein production by destabilizing the mRNA and translational silencing.

How many miRNAs do humans have?

There are now over 2000 miRNAs that have been discovered in humans and it is believed that they collectively regulate one third of the genes in the genome. miRNAs have been linked to many human diseases and are being pursued as clinical diagnostics and as therapeutic targets.

What regulates microRNA?

miRNA biogenesis is regulated at multiple levels, including at the level of miRNA transcription; its processing by Drosha and Dicer in the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively; its modification by RNA editing, RNA methylation, uridylation and adenylation; Argonaute loading; and RNA decay.

What does 5p and 3p mean in miRNA?

However, recent reports have indicated that both the miRNA and miRNA* species often co-exist and both are functional [3-7]. The mature miRNA species may be derived from both the 5′ and 3′ arms of the precursor duplex, and are called the miRNA-5p and -3p species, respectively.

What is miRNA used for?

The miRNA functions as a guide by base-pairing with target mRNA to negatively regulate its expression. The level of complementarity between the guide and mRNA target determines which silencing mechanism will be employed; cleavage of target messenger RNA (mRNA) with subsequent degradation or translation inhibition Fig.

What are microRNA used for?

Why is miRNA important?

miRNAs have key roles in the regulation of distinct processes in mammals. They provide a key and powerful tool in gene regulation and thus a potential novel class of therapeutic targets. miRNAs play an evolutionarily conserved developmental role and diverse physiological functions in animal.

What is the importance of microRNA?

MicroRNAs are now recognized to play a pivotal role in the regulation of certain processes related to development in all eukaryotes and because of their potential role as agents controlling cell growth and differentiation, they have been proposed to be good candidates for cancer therapy (51, 52).

What is PRI miRNA?

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, regulatory RNAs that are expressed in animals and plants and affect the translation or stability of target mRNAs. The 17-24 nt, single-stranded (ss) miRNAs are derived from longer, primary transcripts termed “pri-miRNAs” [1].