What is the role of interleukin 4 in the antibody immune response?

IL-4 promotes the growth and activation of B lymphocytes that produce IgG1 and IgE classes of antibodies and increases MHC class II induction.

What is the function of interleukin 4?

IL-4 has an important role in regulating antibody production, hematopoiesis and inflammation, and the development of effector T-cell responses. It is produced only by a subset of activated hematopoietic cells, including T cells and Fc epsilon R1+ mast cells and basophils.

Does IL-4 activate eosinophils?

In addition, IL-4 inhibits eosinophil apoptosis and promotes eosinophilic inflammation by inducing eosinophil chemotaxis and activation through the increased expression of eotaxin [6].

Why is IL-4 The most important cytokine?

IL-4 plays a pivotal role in shaping the nature of immune responses. Upon activation, naive peripheral CD4+ T cells begin to synthesize and secrete cytokines. These cytokines serve as autocrine growth and differentiation factors and, as a consequence, naive T cells proliferate and differentiate into effector cells.

Is IL-4 proinflammatory or anti inflammatory?

Interleukin-4 and IL-10 are pleiotropic anti-inflammatory cytokines that function mainly by suppressing the pro-inflammatory milieu. Several different immune cells that produce IL-4 are activated T cells, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, and NKT cells (21, 22).

Why is IL-4 antiinflammatory?

When binding to the surface of target cells, IL-4 may differentially engage two different types of receptors. By acting on macrophages, a cell type critically involved in inflammation, IL-4 induces the so-called alternative macrophage activation.

What does IL-13 do in asthma?

IL-13 and Eosinophils in Asthma A major function of IL-13 (and IL-4) in the asthmatic airway is to induce chemotaxis of eosinophils to the site of injury. A number of in vitro studies have investigated the role of IL-13-induced chemotaxis and activation of eosinophils.

What does elevated IL-4 mean?

IL-4 signaling determines the levels of CD20 on the surface of normal and malignant B lymphocytes via activation of transcription factor STAT6. Overproduction of IL-4 is associated with allergies.

Is IL-4 proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory?

Which would be the best assay to measure a specific cytokine?

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a simple, low-cost analytical tool that provides both the specificity and sensitivity required for the study of cytokines in vitro or in vivo.

Is flow cytometry better than ELISA?

Carson and Vignali reported that the two methods were compatible with each other for measuring IL-6; and flow cytometry method was significantly more sensitive than ELISA [12]. In our study, Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated that the IL-1β levels were measured by flow cytometry as 4% more than the ELISA method.

Can ELISA be used to detect cytokines?

Accurate measurement of cytokine concentrations is a powerful and essential approach to the study of inflammation. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a simple, low-cost analytical tool that provides both the specificity and sensitivity required for the study of cytokines in vitro or in vivo.

What is the difference between IL-17A and IL-17F?

Despite the large number of double- positive cells in these models, IL-17F is dispensable for autoimmune tissue inflammation whereas IL-17A-deficient mice show reduced disease (Ishigame et al., 2009).